HISTORY OF GMT!!!!!

 What is GMT?



          Greenwich Mean Time is the yearly average of the time each day when the sun crosses the Prime Meridian at the Royal Observatory Greenwich. Solar time varies throughout the year, as the time interval between the sun crossing a set meridian line changes. GMT stands for Greenwich Mean Time, the local clock time at Greenwich. From 1884 until 1972, GMT was the international standard of civil time. though it has now been replaced by coordinated universal time (UTC), GMT is still the legal time in Britain in the winter, used by the Met Office, Royal Navy and BBC World service. Greenwich Mean Time is also the name of the time zone used by some countries in Africa and Western Europe, including in Iceland all year round.

How did Greenwich Mean Time Begin ?

      It wasn't until the invention of the Pendulum clock in the 1650s that it was possible to work out the relationship between mean (clock) time and solar time.






       John Flamsteed came up with the formula for converting solar time to mean time and published a set of conversion tables in the early 1670s. Soon after, he was appointed as the first Astronomer Royal and moved into the new Royal Observatory in Greenwich.

How did Greenwich Mean Time become the international standard? 

      In 1884 the Greenwich Meridian was recommended as the Prime Meridian of the World. There were two main reason:
  1. USA had already chosen Greenwich as the bass for its own national time zone system. 
  2. The late 19th century, 72% of the world's commerce depends on the sea-charts which used Greenwich as the Prime Meridian.
The recommendation was based on the argument that naming Greenwich as Longitude 0° would be of advantage to the largest number of people.


      As the reference for GMT, the Prime Meridian t Greenwich therefore became the centre of world time and the basis for the global system of time zone. The Airy Transit circle (telescope) became the telescope that would define the Prime Meridian of the World. Astronomer Royal George Biddell Airy designed it nd its located t the Royal Observatory Greenwich. It was recommended that the Meridian line would indicate 0° longitude. therefore, this is a beginning for the Universal day. the Meridian line is marked by the cross-hairs in the Airy Transit Circle Eyepiece.








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